"I cannot guarantee it": under oath, Microsoft admits it cannot rule out that data entrusted to its cloud is handed to the US government (CLOUD Act). Hearing, French Senate committee — Jun 2025 ›
National Observatory
Digital Sovereignty
REPORT BETA

State of Digital Sovereignty of the Italian PA

Report in beta version: the data comes from MxMap.it and the first official measurement is not yet consolidated. The values are preliminary and continuously updated. Data last updated: 2026-11-09 — coverage 94%.

In summary

22,922 bodies of the Italian Public Administration registered in IndicePA were analysed. For each, the email provider and the jurisdiction to which it is subject were identified.

43% of bodies rely on providers subject to non-EU jurisdiction (e.g. CLOUD Act), against 50% on Italian providers and 0% on other EU providers.

The snapshot: provider sovereignty

Non-EU (CLOUD Act) · 9,915 bodies 43.3%
Italian · 11,581 bodies 50.5%
Europeo (non italiano) · 123 bodies 0.5%
Unknown · 1,303 bodies 5.7%

Most common providers

Italian EU Non-EU Unknown

Italian provider · 9,844 bodies 42.9%
Google Workspace · 6,157 bodies 26.9%
Microsoft 365 · 3,751 bodies 16.4%
Unknown · 1,303 bodies 5.7%
Italian cloud · 909 bodies 4.0%
Self-hosted infrastructure · 828 bodies 3.6%
Provider europeo · 123 bodies 0.5%
AWS · 5 bodies 0.0%
Zoho · 2 bodies 0.0%

By category of body

Share of bodies on non-EU providers, by category. Sorted from the most dependent.

Education · 8,321 bodies · Google Workspace 77%
Central government · 55 bodies · Microsoft 365 62%
Transport & Ports · 17 bodies · Microsoft 365 59%
Research · 68 bodies · Microsoft 365 54%
Healthcare · 234 bodies · Microsoft 365 53%
Contracting authorities · 622 bodies · Microsoft 365 48%
Culture · 29 bodies · Microsoft 365 45%
Social security & assistance · 146 bodies · Microsoft 365 43%
Public service operators · 1,165 bodies · Microsoft 365 43%
Regional agencies · 76 bodies · Microsoft 365 42%
Welfare & social policy · 466 bodies · Italian provider 25%
Environment & Territory · 273 bodies · Italian provider 25%
Professional bodies & Chambers · 2,019 bodies · Italian provider 22%
Consortia & unions of local bodies · 1,426 bodies · Italian provider 19%
Local & regional authorities · 8,005 bodies · Italian provider 18%
Data reliability

Average classification confidence: 81% · bodies with high-reliability classification: 88% · coverage: 94%. The methodology is documented and replicable.

Methodology: identification of the provider and jurisdiction from the DNS records of the PA domains (IndicePA). Details in the Methodology section. The raw data is from MxMap.it, released under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Published reports

Report 7 Novembre 2026

State of Digital Sovereignty in the Italian PA - November 2026 (DRAFT)

Summary This update captures the state of digital sovereignty in the Italian public administration as of 7 November 2026, based on 22,922 bodies registered in …

Download PDF
Report 16 Giugno 2026

State of Digital Sovereignty in the PA - June 2026 (DRAFT)

Summary This inaugural report analyses the state of digital sovereignty in the Italian Public Administration, focusing on dependence on foreign email providers. …

Download PDF
Telegram